Green Rust - Interesting Iron Chemistry

Rust is the name given to a collection of iron oxides. Youll find rust in all situations where unprotected iron or steel is exposed to the elements. Did you know rust comes in colors besides red? There is brown, orange, yellow and even green rust! Green rust is an unstable corrosion product typically produced in a low-oxygen environment, such as on rebar in the chlorine-rich environment of seawater. The reaction between seawater and steel may result in [FeII3 FeIII (OH)8] [Cl ·H2 O]-, a series of iron hydroxides. Depassivation of steel to form green rust occurs when the ratio of concentration of chloride ions to hydroxide ions is greater than 1. Therefore, rebar in concrete, for example, may be protected from green rust if the alkalinity of the concrete is high enough. Green Rust and Fougerite There is a natural mineral which is the equivalent to green rust called fougerite. Fougerite is a blue-green to blue-gray clay mineral found in certain wooded regions of France. The iron hydroxide is believed to give rise to other related minerals. Green Rust in Biological Systems The carbonate and sulfate forms of green rust have been identified as by-products of ferric oxyhydoxide reduction in iron-reducing bacteria. For example, Shewanella putrefaciens produces hexagonal green rust crystals. Scientists speculate green rust formation by bacteria occurs naturally in aquifers and wet soil. How to Make Green Rust Several chemical processes produce green rust: Electrochemically oxidizing iron plates can form a green carbonate rust.Green rust may be prepared by bubbling carbon dioxide through a suspension of iron(III) hydroxide  Fe(OH)3  in  iron(II) chloride FeCl2.Green sulfate rust may result from mixing FeCl2 ·4H2O and NaOH solution to precipitate Fe(OH)2. Sodium sulfate Na2SO4 is added and the mixture is oxidized in air.

Hotel Offices Marriott International Essay - 1272 Words

Introduction Marriott International, Inn is an American enhanced accommodation organization that oversees and establishments a wide arrangement of inns and related hotel offices. Established by J. Willard Marriott, the organization is currently driven by his child, Bill Marriott and Chief Officer Arne Sorenson. Marriott International has more than 4,087 properties in more than 80 nations and regions around the globe, more than 697,000 rooms (starting July 2014), and extra 195,000 rooms in the advancement pipeline. In June 2014, Marriott International opened their 4,000th inn, the Marriott Marquis in Washington, D.C. On November 16, 2015, Marriott said it would buy Starwood Hotels and Resorts Worldwide for $12.2 billion. The arrangement would make the world s biggest lodging organization. Security At Marriott International we comprehend and value that today s voyagers are more worried than any other time in recent memory about their wellbeing and security. Security has dependably been one of our top needs and in the course of recent years we have expanded our core interest. Security methods and danger appraisals at our properties are investigated frequently. Our staff has been prepared to evaluate and react suitably to debilitating circumstances and our inns work intimately with nearby, state, government, and worldwide powers. Also, we work with the U.S. Division of State in setting up security conventions for our inns. Since every property isShow MoreRelatedHurricane Maand Case Study775 Words   |  4 PagesHurricane Irma and impending Hurricane Maria, it is of increased importance that Marriott International concentrates on its operations in the Caribbean. In some areas, Hurricane Irma’s 185-mile-per-hour winds resulted in devastation that will remain for years. The U.S Virgin Islands, home of the Frenchman’s Reef Morning Star Marriott Beach Resort, suffered tremendously. This Marriott Beach Resort is now waiving hotel cancellations and changing fees for certain arrival dates. To make matters worseRead MoreStrategic Marketing Plan F or Marriott1359 Words   |  6 PagesEvolution Marriott had a very colorful history and expanded and grew mainly through mergers and acquisitions. For example, the first international expansion was the acquisition of an airline catering service in 1966. In 1987, Marriott continued the expansion by acquiring Fairfield Inn and Residence Inn and entered the lower-moderate lodging segment. The rapid growth and global acquisitions fostered lots of powerful strategies. These strategies were vital for Marriott to sustain and be successfulRead MoreIndustrialization Of Hotel Service And Processes Of Globalization And Integration1540 Words   |  7 PagesIndustrialization of hotel service and processes of globalization and integration which are typical for global hotel industry led to the situation that hotel chains took an important and valuable position in hotel industry because of perfect organization and because of the fact that they are technically and technologically highly advanced. Nowadays centralization and integration are common for hotel industry all over the world. Almost all hotel chains regardless of ratings feel pressure of hardRead MoreThe Year Of The Mergers And Acquisition Essay1500 Words   |  6 Pagesfailed because of Arbys lack of international exposure, and Chrysler failed because of cultural differences. Although the organizations failed for different reasons, the common trend is not having a good integration plan. The integration plan should include a clear strategy that combines the two cultures and uses IT frameworks to facilitate it. My organization (Starwood Hotels Resorts Worldwide Inc.) is currently going through a merger with Marriott International Inc. I am beginning to see theRead MoreAnalysis Of Marriott International Inc.1208 Words   |  5 Pagesinfluence employees to be further engaged in their positions. Marriott International Inc. is a globally leading lodging company which is based in Bethesda, Maryland, USA. Marriott has 146,000 employees from different nations, speaking more than 50 languages and working for Marriott in 66 countries around the globe. (18) Marriott has more than 4,300 properties in 81 countries and territories. The company operates and franchises hotels and licenses vacation ownership resorts under 19 brands, includingRead MoreOrganizational Structure and Strategy: Interclean Case Study749 Words   |  3 PagesOrganizational Structure and Strategy InterClean has an organizational structure that is far more aligned to its business strategy than the hotel brand Marriott and much more like that of the Ritz-Carlton, at least prior to InterCleans impending shift in strategic focus. Marriott shifted its strategy and its structure several years ago, after an internal review revealed a basic lack of solid structural control when it came to sales and operations, and thus an non-cohesive, inconsistent and ineffectiveRead MoreHilton Hotel1075 Words   |  5 PagesHilton’s suppliers The touches that make Hilton Worldwide. Their supply management professionals in corporate offices and their six regional offices negotiate and implement contracts and agreements with suppliers of products and services in three key areas – Food amp; Beverage (Famp;B), Guest Rooms and Public Space, and Property Operations ------------------------------------------------- Food amp; Beverage Hilton Supply Management works closely with national and regional food and beverageRead MoreSwot Pest Analyse of Marriot International2303 Words   |  10 PagesMarriott International Introduction This research focused on SWOT analysis, Porters 5 forces model and PEST analysis of Marriott . Marriot International is a leading company with more than 3,700 lodging properties in 73 countries and territories. [Marriott International] Marriott International manages many hotels brands. Marriott Hotels amp; Resorts are located more than five hundred hotels, two-thirds of them - in the U.S. This is a hotel with a full range of services: they are equipped fitnessRead MoreEssay on Marriott International2309 Words   |  10 PagesThe Marriot International Hotels have had a long standing history of being recognized as one of the most prestigious hotels. The Marriot Hotel has specific expectations and responsibilities that are expected from their employees on a regular basis. Their reputation derives from the conduct of the Marriott associates who create this professional business environment on a day to day basis. The hotel industry can be a very unpredictable environment. Employees at the Marriott are confronted with situationsRead MoreA Report On Hospitality And Tourism Industry2 538 Words   |  11 Pagesdiscern the heart of the hotel business. By conducting this experiential learning project in a hotel, our group was able to observe and identify the front office operation and manager’s daily tasks. The hotel we chose for this project is Toronto Marriott Downtown Eaton Centre Hotel, which is one of Toronto’s Premier hotels with four stars and diamonds according to Forbes Travel Guide and AAA. The reason that we chose Marriott Eaton is because it is one of the largest chain hotels in North America that

Metropolitan Museam of Art Free Essays

Rob Murphy Art and Culture Extra Credit My Second Visit to the Met 12/10/11 My second visit to the Metropolitan Museum of Art was equally enjoyable as the first. On my first visit, I hovered around the American wing and Egyptian wing mainly. On the contrary, my second visit consisted of a trip to enjoy the Greek and Roman wing. We will write a custom essay sample on Metropolitan Museam of Art or any similar topic only for you Order Now Wings such as the Egyptian, are big enough to re-visit, as I was able too. The works I was able to enjoy on my second trip were the â€Å"Cleopatra† sculpture, and the world renowned â€Å"Perseus with a Head of Medusa†. The â€Å"Cleopatra† sculpture was quite a sensational one. It was carved by William Wetmore Story out of marble; spanning eleven years , it was completed in 1869. The Boston bred sculptor’s masterpiece is in Gallery of American painting and sculpture of the Met. This beautiful sculpture is of the Egyptian queen , born in 69 BC. Alike many of William Wetmore Story’s sculptures, Cleopatra is sitting down in a chair. The Queen is wearing a long dress with her left breast exposed. She is accessorized with jewelry and an Egyptian head piece. Her facial expressions and body positioning suggests she is is in a deep state of thought. Whether reflecting on past behavior or contemplating future actions, the figures are thinking about deeds of cataclysmic significance†(Metropolitan Museum of Art). This suggests Cleopatra is said to be thinking of something of great significance. The reason I chose the sculpture of Cleopatra as one of the works from my second visit is because it was understandable, and expresses a clear thought. She is a famous figure, and once I witnessed it , it was enjoyable to see something familiar. His sculpture made of marble is beyond my imagination of how someone could complete this. The neoclassical sculptors, â€Å"Cleopatra†, were one of William Wetmore Story’s most applauded works of art. The second work of art I appreciated on my trip to the Met was â€Å"Perseus with the Head of Medusa†. â€Å"Perseus with the Head of Medusa† is located in the European Sculpture and Decorative Arts hall. Italy native Antonio Canova carved this sculpture spanning from 1804 to 1806. In addition to the past sculpture, this was also carved out of marble. It displays Perseus, who is a mythical hero who was said to have defeated various archaic monsters; Most notably known for the Greek hero who killed Gordon Medusa , as displayed in the sculpture. Medusa was a monster who, when someone would lay eyes upon her would be transform into stone. After being killed by Perseus, Medusa’s head was used as a weapon by this hero ,and later given as a gift to his goddess, Athena, as a shield ornament. This greatly detailed sculpture shows Perseus nude , wielding a shield in one hand and medusas decapitated head in the other. He is shown staring at the severed head of Medusa. Perseus takes pride in slaying this monster , and holds her head high and might with pride. The face of Medusa looks unpleasant, and has a defeated expression. The mythical hero has her by the hair, except , her would be hair is represented by snakes. The reason I chose to write about this sculpture is because along with Cleopatra, Medusa was a familiar figure to me . In addition , I am also intrigued by Greek mythology such as Medusa and Perseus. The extreme detail of this exquisite sculpture also caught my attention. Canova’s detail is remarkable. The fact that he can capture facial expressions, thoughts, and predictable actions in this sculpture is phenomenal. The Metropolitan Museum of Art is an extraordinary experience. Being lucky enough to enjoy it twice is rare. While gawking at everything you lay eyes upon, you have a sense of disbelief. To think these unparalleled sculptures were hand carved, in days of minute technology is beyond understanding. These two works of art are truly amazing and the fact that they were kept in such immaculate condition is marvelous. The reasons I chose these two was because, I was familiar with both characters and I was interested to do research on them, and learn more. In conclusion I would recommend to anyone planning on taking a trip to this museum to visit these two miraculous works of art. Bibliography: http://www. metmuseum. org/collections/search-the-collections? gallerynos=548amp;ft=* http://www. metmuseum. org/Collections/search-the-collections/20013020? rpp=20amp;pg=1amp;ft=cleopatraamp;pos=5 http://www. framemuseums. org/jsp/fiche_oeuvre. jsp? STNAV=amp;RUBNAV=amp;CODE=O115046173127831amp;LANGUE=1amp;RH=UsaFRAMEMuseumsamp;OBJET_PROVENANCE=COLLECTION How to cite Metropolitan Museam of Art, Papers

Marketing and Management Business Products

Question: Discuss about the Marketing and Management for Business Products. Answer: AASB 1031 specifies the concept of materiality, which is applied to the GPFR of companies. As per the study of Altiero, Kang Peecher (2013), the materiality concept applies to parent entity which is subjected to reporting and disclosing their financial statements. The standard has been amended in order to accommodate changes which are predictable to affect materially in the subsequent financial years. Characteristics of Materiality According to Cameron (2014), materiality can be defined as imparting judgments to balances, transactions and errors which often arise in financial statements. Materiality ensures that the financial information becomes appropriate to the users for facilitating their decision-making needs. Dependent in the nature of business - Materiality is directly related to the volume of business and the circumstances thereon. The present part deals with the application of the concept of materiality for the general purpose of financial statements. An important tool for decision making- The preparation of financial statements involves making judgments. These judgments are facilitated by application of materiality concept. It, therefore, improves the value of the information given to users (Griffin, 2014). The notion of materiality influences the economic decisions of the users by providing relevant information to the users who serve their needs to the best interest. Ensures Complete and fair statements- Application of materiality ensures that only the information which is material is included in the financial statements. It, therefore, excludes the information which is immaterial facts. Thus, it ensures completeness of information in all material respects, thereby, presenting a true and fair vision of the companys affairs. Serves as Guidance - The concept of materiality serves as guidance to accountants on the acceptable amount of errors and omissions in financial statements. Lapses or misstatement of important information hinders users' ability to make accurate decisions thereby affecting the reliability of information. Application of concept of materiality in financial statements The concept of materiality can be applied in making various decisions with respect to the operations of the company. The nature and amount of a particular item act as a determining factor in the application of materiality (Eccles Krzus, 2014). If the adjustments occur after the estimation of balance amounts of the item then the concept of materiality is applied in accordance with the amount. The value of the item is sufficient to make a correction or adjustment. In some situations, it is essential to apply materiality on the basis of nature. As in case- when the limited resources of the company are to be allocated amongst the different stakeholders. This type of circumstance requires judgement on the nature of resources. Another case is where the management and governing authorities of the organisation need to take a decision on the operations of the business. In this case, the nature of the decision is assessed for application of materiality. For determining the applicability of materiality to an item or an aggregate of items, they are compared with the- The amount which is reflected in the balance sheet and the PL account of an organisation. The appropriate class of asset or liability to which the item belongs. Assessing Materiality of Financial Statements Guidelines for classification of material and immaterial information are given in the AASB 1031. According to the standard, An amount which is equivalent to or greater than 10% of the suitable base amount may be presumed to be material. In contrast, an amount which is equivalent to or less than 5% of the suitable base amount is presumed to be immaterial (Edgley, Jones Atkins, 2015). However, in case there is appropriate evidence exists with the company which contradict the above statements then it can be considered for the concept of materiality. Materiality concept directs the amount attributable to an item or cumulative items by specifying the edge of error which is acceptable. It also prescribes the degree of accuracy which is required for calculation of the approximate amount or an aggregate of item(s). Deciding whether or not an item is material, combined evaluation of the nature and amount of item is undertaken by the auditor. Big data represents the massive data relating to a company which is unstructured and generated through the machine and also includes data which is available outside corporate boundaries. A significant potential is observed through the transformed form of the audit; as Big data and analytics have enabled the auditor to assess financial account, audit risk, fraud and develop their approach in more appropriate manner. A variety of barriers is available which act as an obstacle to the successful integration of big data and analytics into audit (Vera-Baquero et.al., 2015). One of the issues faced by the auditor is data capture. As the companies are concerned towards the protection of their provisional data; therefore sometimes they refuse to provide data, citing security reason. Embracing Big Data means procuring sub-ledger information for the major business process. The same increases the complexity of data extraction and size of data to be processed. The potential impact of Big Data can be overwhelming for audit as these affect various facets of business procedures and functions relating to audit (Van der Aalst Damiani, 2015). As audit department needs to seek the internal risk management, particularly relating to data governance. They validate whether that the process which is available will enable them to procure valid data so that appropriate conclusions can be made. Inconsistencies and potential issues relating to business transactions might be difficult to ascertain with the assistance of conventional audit techniques. The issue majorly arises in the case when a data frame is large and the time frame is short. Thus, the same has affected the manner of auditing and concepts such as continuous monitoring of internal control and continuous audit no longer seem to be farfetched. End to End software integration The end to end functionality refers to accomplishing the audit life cycle which includes risk assessment, development of standard audit plans, development of audit report and other major functions. This increase the risk relating to reaching a conclusion as an auditor is not able to receive information relating to data in detail manner; i.e., from where it initiate and end up. The auditor should develop an integrated assurance framework which can be done through understanding, assess, review and confirm the programme that is being developed. As per the study of Patterson (2013), the auditor should efficiently assess the program that has been changed and continuously aligned to the key risk areas for resolving the relevant obstacles. The core issue that is faced by the auditor due to end to end integration of software is to ascertain the manner in which to get involved in and the manner of adding value to the complete procedure of transformation. According to Dietrich, Plachy Norton (2014), the efficient way of resolving the specified issue is to analyse end to end life cycle of the program and entrenching a risk-driven assurance approach in program delivery. The steps that can be followed by the auditor for assuring that appropriate opinion has been provided for the organisation are as follows: To get involved at prior stages and understanding the programmed proposed by risk management strategy. Analysing the existing source and level of assurance (The model three lines of the model can be developed for it). The integrated rolling plan should be developed for assurance. Acceptance of reporting framework. Development of a program for maintaining and integrating assurance plan (Inukollu, Arsi Ravuri, 2014). References Dietrich, B. L., Plachy, E. C., Norton, M. F. (2014). Analytics across the enterprise: How IBM realises business value from big data and analytics. IBM Press. Inukollu, V. N., Arsi, S., Ravuri, S. R. (2014). Security issues associated with big data in cloud computing. International Journal of Network Security Its Applications. 6(3), 45. Patterson, T. (2013). Information integrity in the age of big data and complex information analytics systems. EDPACS. 48(6). 1-10. Van der Aalst, W. Damiani, E. (2015). Processes meet big data: Connecting data science with process science. IEEE Transactions on Services Computing. 8(6). 810-819. Altiero, E., Kang, Y. J., Peecher, M. E. (2013). The investor perspective and its influence on auditor materiality judgments. Inthe 19th annual International Symposium on Audit Research (ISAR 2013).(Vol. 27). Cameron, R. A. (2014). Applying the Materiality Concept: The Case of Abnormal Items. Eccles, R. G. Krzus, M. P. (2014).The integrated reporting movement: Meaning, momentum, motives, and materiality. John Wiley Sons. Edgley, C., Jones, M. J. Atkins, J. (2015). The adoption of the materiality concept in social and environmental reporting assurance: A field study approach.The British Accounting Review.47(1). 1-18. Griffin, J. B. (2014). The effects of uncertainty and disclosure on auditors' fair value materiality decisions.Journal of Accounting Research.52(5). 1165-1193. Vera-Baquero, A. et.al. (2015). Leveraging big data for business process analytics. The Learning Organization, 22(4) 215-228.